Until recently, exporting black mass—a key intermediate material recovered
from lithium-ion batteries—directly to China was difficult due to environmental regulations.
As a result, many companies relied on rerouting through Southeast Asia to access Chinese processing capabilities.
However, recent regulatory developments suggest that direct exports to China may soon become a reality,
signaling a major shift in global battery recycling logistics.

Policy Shift: China May Open Doors to Direct Black Mass Imports

In March 2025, China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment proposed a significant regulatory revision.
Under the new framework, black mass containing a combined nickel and cobalt content of 25%
or more would no longer be classified as solid waste—removing a major barrier to import.
In addition, a new national standard for black mass (GB/T 45203-2024) will come into effect on July 1, 2025,
defining quality and safety specifications to support smoother and more transparent cross-border trade.
This development would streamline exports from Japan and other countries, allowing for direct shipment to China
without relying on intermediary nations.

European Recycling: Opportunities and Bottlenecks

Meanwhile, the European Union continues to strengthen its battery recycling framework.
Under the EU’s battery regulation introduced in 2023, lithium recovery targets have been set at 50%
by 2027 and 80% by 2031, pushing recyclers to innovate and expand capacity.
However, the region still faces major hurdles. Limited processing infrastructure, high energy costs,
and insufficient financial incentives make it difficult for Europe to reach its full recycling potential—despite strong demand.

Dainen Materials’ Commitment to a Circular Future

At Dainen Materials, we closely monitor global regulatory trends to proactively respond to market needs.
With the potential for direct export to China on the horizon, we are reinforcing our quality control
and supply chain readiness to support this emerging trade route.
We are also exploring partnerships and technology collaborations in Europe to support
sustainable recycling initiatives and meet the growing demand for high-quality recovered materials.

Final Thoughts

The international landscape of battery recycling is evolving rapidly, with new trade routes,
regulatory frameworks, and sustainability targets shaping the future.
At Dainen Materials, we remain committed to playing a key role in the global battery circular economy
—delivering reliable, high-quality black mass that meets the needs of next-generation energy systems.